AI Agent System - Setup & Usage Guide

Overview

The AI Agent System allows you to spawn intelligent agents that navigate the maze with limited knowledge, just like a real player would. Each agent only knows about:

The room they are currently in
Which rooms their character type has visited before
Where the exits of the current room lead

This creates a realistic exploration experience where agents must be smart about which paths to take based on shared information from other agents of the same type.

Components

1. AIAgent (`AIAgent.cs`)

Purpose: Individual AI agent that navigates the maze
Key Features:
- Limited knowledge (only knows current room)
- Shares room memory with other agents of same character type
- Pathfinds using A* algorithm within room bounds
- Moves toward goal room while exploring unvisited rooms
- Visual path debugging with LineRenderer
Inspector Properties:
- agentCharacterType: Type/name of the agent (e.g., "Warrior", "Scout")
- movementSpeed: How fast the agent moves (default: 2)
- pathUpdateInterval: How often to recalculate path (default: 0.5s)
- stoppingDistance: Distance to stop at waypoint (default: 0.1)
- showPath: Draw path visualization (default: true)
- pathColor: Color of path visualization

2. AIAgentManager (`AIAgentManager.cs`)

Purpose: Manages spawning and tracking of all AI agents
Key Features:
- Configurable initial agent count
- Spawn agents on startup or during gameplay
- Track active agents
- Reset agents when new maze is generated
- Get agent statistics
- Multiple character types supported
Inspector Properties:
- initialAgentCount: How many agents to spawn at start (default: 10)
- agentCharacterType: Default character type for agents (default: "Default")
- spawnDelay: Delay between spawning each agent (default: 0.1s)
- agentPrefab: Prefab to use for agent (auto-created if not set)
- showAgentPaths: Show paths for all agents (default: true)
- agentPathColor: Color for agent paths (default: yellow)

Key Methods:

// Spawn a single agent
AIAgent agent = agentManager.SpawnAgent();
  
// Spawn multiple agents
agentManager.SpawnAgents(5);
  
// Get agent counts
int total = agentManager.GetAgentCount();
int byType = agentManager.GetAgentCountByType("Warrior");
  
// Get stats for display
string stats = agentManager.GetAgentStats();
  
// Reset for new maze
agentManager.ResetForNewMaze();

3. AIRoomMemory (`AIRoomMemory.cs`)

Purpose: Tracks which rooms have been visited by agents of a character type
Key Features:
- Shared memory system per character type
- Tracks visited room IDs
- Tracks last visit time per room
- Filter unvisited rooms for exploration
- Global manager for all character types

Usage:

// Get or create memory for a character type
AIRoomMemory memory = AIRoomMemoryManager.GetMemory("Warrior");
  
// Mark a room as visited
memory.VisitRoom(roomId);
  
// Check if room was visited
if (memory.HasVisited(roomId)) { ... }
  
// Get all visited rooms
HashSet<int> visited = memory.GetVisitedRooms();
  
// Filter unvisited from a list
var unvisited = memory.FilterUnvisitedRooms(roomList);

4. AIAgentUIDisplay (`AIAgentUIDisplay.cs`) - Optional

Purpose: Display agent statistics and provide controls
Features:
- Real-time agent count display
- Exploration statistics per character type
- Runtime agent spawning with keyboard shortcuts
- Auto-creates UI if needed
Keyboard Controls:
- A: Spawn 1 agent
- S: Spawn 5 agents
- C: Clear all agents

Setup Instructions

Quick Setup (Automatic)

Attach to MazeController:
- Select your GameObject with MazeController component
- In Inspector, check the "Spawn AI Agents" checkbox under AI Agents section
- (Optional) Customize agent count, type, and spawn delay
That's it! Agents will spawn automatically when the maze generates

Manual Setup

Create Agent Manager:
- Create an empty GameObject as child of MazeController
- Add AIAgentManager component
- Configure agent count and type
- In MazeController, assign this manager to the agentManager field
Add UI Display (Optional):
- Create empty GameObject
- Add AIAgentUIDisplay component
- Choose to auto-create UI or assign existing TextMeshPro elements
In MazeController:
- Ensure spawnAIAgents is checked

Usage Examples

Example 1: Spawn Agents on Start

public class GameManager : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Start()
    {
        MazeController maze = FindFirstObjectByType<MazeController>();
        AIAgentManager agentManager = maze.GetAgentManager();
        
        // Agents already spawned if spawnAIAgents is enabled
        Debug.Log($"Spawned {agentManager.GetAgentCount()} agents");
    }
}

Example 2: Spawn More Agents During Gameplay

public class AISpawner : MonoBehaviour
{
    private AIAgentManager agentManager;

    void Start()
    {
        MazeController maze = FindFirstObjectByType<MazeController>();
        agentManager = maze.GetAgentManager();
    }

    void Update()
    {
        // Spawn 3 agents every 10 seconds
        if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.E))
        {
            agentManager.SpawnAgents(3);
        }
    }
}

Example 3: Create Different Agent Types

public class MultiTypeAgentSpawner : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Start()
    {
        MazeController maze = FindFirstObjectByType<MazeController>();
        AIAgentManager agentManager = maze.GetAgentManager();
        
        // Current agents are "Default" type
        // To spawn other types, you would need to:
        // 1. Create new managers for each type
        // 2. Or modify agentCharacterType and spawn
        
        // Example: Manually spawn agents of different types
        SpawnAgentType("Warrior", 5);
        SpawnAgentType("Scout", 3);
        SpawnAgentType("Rogue", 2);
    }

    void SpawnAgentType(string type, int count)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
        {
            // This would require extending AIAgentManager or creating type-specific managers
        }
    }
}

Example 4: Monitor Agent Progress

public class AgentProgressMonitor : MonoBehaviour
{
    private AIAgentManager agentManager;
    private float checkInterval = 2f;
    private float lastCheck = 0f;

    void Start()
    {
        MazeController maze = FindFirstObjectByType<MazeController>();
        agentManager = maze.GetAgentManager();
    }

    void Update()
    {
        if (Time.time - lastCheck > checkInterval)
        {
            string stats = agentManager.GetAgentStats();
            Debug.Log(stats);
            lastCheck = Time.time;
        }
    }
}

Agent Behavior

Decision Making

Current State: Agent determines its current room
Goal Check: If in goal room, path to exit
Room Selection: Choose next room to visit based on:
- Unvisited rooms (priority)
- Rooms visited by same character type
- Adjacent rooms to current location
Pathfinding: Use A* within current room bounds only
Movement: Follow calculated path at configured speed

Limitations (By Design)

Cannot see through walls into adjacent rooms
Only knows about rooms their character type has explored
Must reach room exits to move to adjacent rooms
Cannot take shortcuts through unknown areas

Performance Considerations

Agent Count: Each agent runs pathfinding update at configurable interval
Default: 10 agents with 0.5s update interval
Scaling: For 100+ agents, consider increasing update interval
Memory: Shared room memory per character type is very efficient

Optimization Tips

Increase pathUpdateInterval for more agents (0.5s → 1.0s)
Reduce spawnDelay for faster agent creation
Use fewer agent types (shared memory is more efficient)
Disable showPath for better performance

Future Enhancements

The system is designed to be extensible:

Combat Stats: Add health, damage, experience to AIAgent
Combat System: Agents can engage enemies
Different Behavior Types: Scouts move faster, Warriors are stronger, etc.
Persistence: Save agent progress and continue sessions
Multiplayer: Display other players' agents
Advanced AI: Learning from explored areas, tactical decisions

Troubleshooting

Agents not spawning?

Check spawnAIAgents is enabled on MazeController
Verify initialAgentCount > 0
Check console for errors

Agents moving too slow/fast?

Adjust movementSpeed on AIAgent or prefab

Agents not exploring?

Verify maze has multiple rooms (check room count in console)
Check that exit points are properly set up

UI not showing?

Check TextMeshPro is imported in project
Or disable autoCreateUI and assign UI elements manually

API Reference

AIAgent

public class AIAgent : MonoBehaviour
{
    public int AgentId { get; }
    public string CharacterType { get; }
    public Vector2Int CurrentRoom { get; }
    public AIRoomMemory RoomMemory { get; }
}

AIAgentManager

public class AIAgentManager : MonoBehaviour
{
    public AIAgent SpawnAgent();
    public void SpawnAgents(int count);
    public void RemoveAgent(AIAgent agent);
    public List<AIAgent> GetActiveAgents();
    public List<AIAgent> GetAgentsByType(string characterType);
    public int GetAgentCount();
    public int GetAgentCountByType(string characterType);
    public void ClearAllAgents();
    public void ResetForNewMaze();
    public string GetAgentStats();
    public int InitialAgentCount { get; }
    public void SetInitialAgentCount(int count);
}

AIRoomMemory

public class AIRoomMemory
{
    public void VisitRoom(int roomId);
    public bool HasVisited(int roomId);
    public HashSet<int> GetVisitedRooms();
    public List<MazeRoom> FilterUnvisitedRooms(List<MazeRoom> rooms);
    public string CharacterType { get; }
    public int VisitedCount { get; }
}

AIRoomMemoryManager

public class AIRoomMemoryManager : MonoBehaviour
{
    public static AIRoomMemory GetMemory(string characterType);
    public static void ClearMemory(string characterType);
    public static void ClearAllMemories();
}

Happy maze exploring! 🎮

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